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石田かのんさんの修士論文がCells Tissues Organsに掲載

石田かのんさんの修士論文がCells Tissues Organsに掲載されました。

膝関節の後半月大腿靭帯(pMFL)は、膝関節安定への寄与や円盤状外側半月板(DLM)との関連が報告されていますが、健常な膝におけるその発生過程は調査されていません。本研究では、pMFLの形成について、ラットを対象に、組織切片、EFIC等を用いて検討しました。理学療法学講座の青山先生、谷間先生との共同研究です。

  • EFIC画像から作成した3次元再構成画像を用いて、ラットの膝関節における後半月板靭帯の発達を解析し、他の膝関節構成要素との関係を検討。
  • E16-21日のWistarラット胚の膝関節を対象。
  • pMFLはE17から観察され、成熟ラットと同様にすべての発育段階で大腿骨内側顆と外側半月板に付着
  • pMFLと膝関節周囲の構成要素は、発生初期から位置関係を維持したまま発達していると考えられる。

Ishida K, Ishikawa A, Yamada S, Takakuwa T, Aoyama T, Three-dimensional imaging analysis of the developmental process of posterior meniscofemoral ligaments in rat embryos. Cells Tissues Organs 2024, in press, , DOI: 10.1159/000536108

The posterior meniscofemoral ligament (pMFL) of knee joint is a ligament that runs posterior to the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) and it is known that the height of the pMFL attachment site causes meniscus avulsion. Therefore, understanding the three-dimensional (3D) structure of the pMFL attachment site is essential to better understand the pathogenesis of meniscus disorders. However, the developmental process of pMFL has not been well investigated. The purpose of this study was to analyze pMFL development in rat knee jointsusing 3D reconstructed images produced from episcopic fluorescence image capture (EFIC) images and examine its relationship with other knee joint components. Knee joints of Wistar rat embryos between embryonic day (E) 16 and E21 were observed with HE stained tissues. Serial EFIC images of the hindlimbs of E17-E21 were respectively captured, from which 3Dimages were reconstructed and the features of pMFL structure: length and angle, were measured. Besides, the chronological volume changes and the volume ratio of the knee joint components compared to E17 were calculated to identify the differences in growth by components. pMFL was observed from E17 and was attached to the medial femoral condyle and lateral meniscus at all developmental stages, as in mature rats. The lack of marked variation in the attachment site and angle of the pMFL with the developmental stage indicates that the pMFL and surrounding knee joint components developed while maintaining their positional relationship from the onset of development. Current results may support to congenital etiology of meniscus disorder.

磯谷さんの修士論文がAnatomical Recordに掲載

磯谷さんの修士論文がAnatomical Recordに掲載されました。

胎児循環に特有の胎盤から心臓にむかう静脈路(臍帯静脈、門脈洞、静脈管、下大静脈)について、領域による特徴を高解像度デジタルデータ(MRI, CT)から得られた立体再構成像と組織像を用いて検討しました。

  • 胎児循環に特有の胎盤から心臓にむかう静脈路(臍帯静脈、門脈洞、静脈管、下大静脈)について領域ごとの特徴を検討
  • 胚子期から胎児期初期の29個の標本を高解像度デジタル画像化のために選択し、18個の胚を組織学的解析のために選択した。
  • 領域による特徴を高解像度デジタルデータ(MRI, CT)から得られた立体再構成像と組織像を用いて検討し明らかにした。

67. Isotani N, Kanahashi T, Imai H, Yoneyama A, Yamada S, Takakuwa T. Regional differences in the umbilical vein and ductus venosus at different stages of normal human development. Anat Rec (Hoboken), 2024, 307, 3306-3326.DOI:10.1002/ar.25421

During the fetal period, oxygenated blood from the placenta flows through the umbilical vein (UV), portal sinus, ductus venosus (DV), and inferior vena cava (IVC) to the heart. This venous route varies regionally in many aspects. Herein, we sought to characterize the venous route’s morphological features and regional differences during embryonic and early-fetal periods. Twenty-nine specimens were selected for high-resolution digitized imaging; 18 embryos were chosen for histological analysis. The venous route showed a primitive, large, S-shaped curved morphology with regional narrowing and dilation at Carnegie stage (CS) 15. Regional differences in vessel-wall differentiation became apparent from approximately CS20. The vessel wall was poorly developed in most DV parts; local vessel-wall thickness at the inlet was first detected at CS20. The lumen of the venous route changed from a non-uniform shape to a relatively round and uniform morphology after CS21. During the early-fetal period, two large bends were observed around the passage of the umbilical ring and at the inlet of the liver. The length ratio of the extrahepatic UV to the total venous route increased. The sectional area gradually increased during embryonic development, whereas differences in sectional area between the DV, UV, and IVC became more pronounced in the early-fetal period. Furthermore, differences in the sectional area between the narrowest part of the DV and other hepatic veins and the transverse sinus became more pronounced. In summary, the present study described morphological, morphometric, and histological changes in the venous route throughout embryonic and early-fetal development, clarifying regional characteristics.

放射光位相CTシンポジウムで講演しました

放射光位相CTシンポジウム日時:2024/9/9(月) 13:00-18:10
会場:東北大学星陵キャンパス・星陵オーディトリアム講堂

プログラム:

13:00-13:15 開会のご挨拶
       石井 直人 東北大学医学系研究科長
       近藤 寛 PF-UA 会長 (慶応大学・理工学部) (オンライン)
       五十嵐 教之 KEK PF 放射光実験施設長(オンライン)
13:15-13:30 放射光位相 CT の概要
       米山 明男 (九州シンクロトロン光研究センター・主任研究員、KEK・客員教授)
13:30-14:00 ヒト形態発生における位相イメージング(オンライン)
       山田重人 (京都大学・医学系研究科・教授) 
14:00-14:30  腎臓の位相コントラスト X 線 CT 観察(オンライン)
       Thet Thet Lwin (北里大学・医療衛生学部医療工学科・准教授)
14:30-14:50  休憩 & 交流
14:50-15:20  X線干渉計による X 線エラストグラフィの検討
        亀沢 知夏 (東北大学・国際放射光イノベーション・スマート研究センター・特任研究員)
15:20-15:50     高解像度位相 CT 画像を用いて、ヒト胚子の形態形成をみる(オンライン)
       高桑 徹也(京都大学・医学系研究科・教授)
15:50-16:10     位相 CT の各種バイオメディカル応用
       米山 明男 (九州シンクロトロン光研究センター・主任研究員、KEK・客員教授)
16:10-16:30     KEK PF の利用について
       兵藤 一行 (KEK・物質構造科学研究所・シニアフェロー、東北大学・客員教授)
16:30-16:50     休憩 & 交流 (以降の講演は現地のみ)
16:50-17:20     金ナノ粒子尿路造影剤を用いた糖尿病性腎症の病態評価
       権田 幸祐 (東北大学医学系研究科・教授)
17:20-17:45     蛍光・X 線・電子線によるマルチスケール計測を用いた静脈血栓症発症の理解
       木村 森音 (東北大学医学系研究科・医科学専攻博士課程)
17:45-17:50     閉会のご挨拶
       権田 幸祐 (東北大学医学系研究科・教授
17:50-18:10     シンポジウム後の交流

岩佐さんの修士論文がJ Anatomyに掲載

岩佐さんの腹直筋腱画についての論文がJ Anatomyに掲載されました。MRI_DTIを用いて腹直筋腱画形成過程を検討しました。

  • 胎児期早期の腹直筋腱画形成過程について、数、大きさ、タイプ、側方性、性別による検討を拡散テンソル画像を用いて行った。
  • 両側の腱性交差の平均数は3.1(範囲:2.0-4.0)であり、21%の検体では腱性交差は2つだけであった。
  • 腱性交差の形成における帯状の違いは、これまでの成人の研究で観察されたものとほぼ一致していた。拡散テンソル画像は、腱性交差部形成の早期分化を検出することができ有用であった。

Iwasa Y, KanahashiT, ImaiH, OtaniH, YamadaS, Takakuwa T. Formation of tendinous intersections in the human fetal rectus abdominis, J Anatomy 2024, in press, DOI: 10.1111/joa.14064

Abstract

Previous studies have poorly described the initial development process of the tendinous intersections of the rectus abdominis muscle (RAM). The present study aimed to observe the formation of tendinous intersections in the RAM during the early fetal period using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Fifteen human fetal specimens (crown-rump length [CRL]: 39.5–93.7 mm) were selected. Three-dimensional measurements revealed that Zone-4 (i.e., the zone between the pubic symphysis and the caudal base of the umbilical ring in the RAM) had a smaller width and was thicker than Zone-1 and Zone-2 (i.e., the zones between the costal arch and the cranial base of the umbilical ring) and Zone-3 (i.e., the zone at the umbilical ring). Characteristics of tendinous intersections in the RAM during the early fetal period were assessed according to number, size, type, laterality, and sex. The mean number of tendinous intersections on both sides was 3.1 (range: 2.0–4.0), and 21% of specimens had only two tendinous intersections, which was higher than that reported in previous adult studies. The present data suggest that the formation of tendinous intersections was still in progress in specimens with two tendinous intersections in the RAM and that the third tendinous intersection was formed in Zone-2. Ordinal logistic regression via generalized estimating equations revealed that the odds for a higher type of tendinous intersections in Zone-1 and Zone-2 were significantly higher than those in Zone-4 (adjusted odds ratio: 14.85, 8.84). The odds for the presence of incomplete types (tendinous intersections that could not completely transverse the RAM) in Zone-3 were significantly higher than those in Zone-1 (adjusted odds ratio: 7.4). The odds for missing tendinous intersections in Zone-4 were significantly higher than those in Zone-1 (adjusted odds ratio: 20.5). These zonal differences in the formation of tendinous intersections were consistent with those observed in previous adult studies. In this study, DTI detected tendinous intersections in a sample with a CRL of 45.8 mm (approximately 11 weeks of gestation), which is earlier than that in previous histological findings, indicating that the RAM does not have mature tendinous intersections until the 17th week of gestation. In conclusion, DTI could detect the premature differentiation of tendinous intersection formation. Our data may aid in elucidating the developmental processes of tendinous intersections in the RAM.

Marieさんの博士学位審査が行われました

Marieさんの博士学位審査が行われました (7/29; 高井ホール)

堂々とした発表、質疑応答でした。

第64回日本先天異常学会で発表しました

会場の屋上からスカイツリーがみえました

第64回日本先天異常学会で発表しました(2024.07.26-27, 東京、江戸川区)

P-12 ヒト胎児期における大腸の還納、固定時期の解析
Huang Jou-Ting(京都大学大学院 医学研究科 人間健康科学系専攻)

P-21 拡散テンソル画像(DTI)を用いたヒト胚子期・胎児期初期における舌筋の形態形成の検討
須藤 紗帆、金橋徹、今井宏彦、山田重人、大谷浩、高桑徹也

P-39 拡散テンソル画像を用いた水晶体線維細胞の配向性の検討
八田 桃佳、金橋徹,今井宏彦, 大谷浩,山田重人,  高桑 徹也

金橋先生の論文がCommun. Biol.に掲載

恥骨下角には性差がみられる

金橋先生の論文がCommunications Biologyに受諾されました。

ヒト胎児の骨盤形態の性差はこれまでの報告よりもずっと早く、一次骨化の開始時にすでに明らかであることを、統計学的に示しました。

*内容は、京大HP等で紹介されました

Kanahashi T, Matsubayashi J, Imai H, Yamada S, Otani H, Takakuwa T. Sexual dimorphism of the human fetal pelvis exists at the onset of primary ossification, Communications Biology, 2024, 7:538, https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-024-06156-y

Abstract
Human adolescent and adult skeletons exhibit sexual dimorphism in the pelvis. However, the degree of sexual dimorphism of the human pelvis during prenatal development remains unclear. Here, we performed high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging-assisted pelvimetry on 72 human fetuses (males [M]: females [F], 34:38; 21 sites) with crown-rump lengths (CRL) of 50–225 mm (the onset of primary ossification). We used multiple regression analysis to examine sexual dimorphism with CRL as a covariate. Females exhibit significantly smaller pelvic inlet anteroposterior diameters (least squares mean, [F] 8.4 mm vs. [M] 8.8 mm, P = 0.036), larger subpubic angle ([F] 68.1° vs. [M] 64.0°, P = 0.034), and larger distance between the ischial spines relative to the transverse diameters of the greater pelvis than males. Furthermore, the sacral measurements indicate significant sex-CRL interactions. Our study suggests that sexual dimorphism of the human fetal pelvis is already apparent at the onset of primary ossification.

腎臓の高さの左右差についてがCongenital Anomaliesに掲載

腎臓の高さの左右差についてがCongenital Anomaliesに掲載されました。

胚子期の腎臓の上昇、回転についてはこれまでよく知られていましたが、腎臓の高さの左右差については不明でした。本研究では、胚子期に左右腎臓の高さに違いはなく、ともに上昇すること、胎児期初期になると右側が左側よりも高くなることを示しました。胎児期の腎臓上昇の様子は、胚子期とは傾向が異なり別の機序を考える必要があります。

Ishiyama-Takara H, Matsubayashi J, Yamada S, Tetsuya Takakuwa T, Height difference between the right and left metanephroi during early human fetal development, Congenit Anom 64(3) 164-166, 2024.